Braid Groups Are Almost Co-hopfian

Braid Groups and the Co-hopfian Property

Let B n be the braid group on n 4 strands. We prove that B n modulo its center is co-Hoppan. We then show that any injective endomorphism of B n is geometric in the sense that it is induced by a homeomorphism of a punctured disk. We further prove that any injection from B n to B n+1 is geometric for n 7. Additionally, we obtain analogous results for mapping class groups of punctured spheres. Th...

On co-Hopfian nilpotent groups

We characterize co-Hopfian finitely generated torsion free nilpotent groups in terms of their Lie algebra automorphisms, and construct many examples of such groups.

On Weakly Co-Hopfian Modules

Generalizations of Hopfian and co-Hopfian modules

In this paper, all rings are associative with identity and all modules are unital left modules unless otherwise specified. Let R be a ring and M a module. N ≤M will mean N is a submodule of M. A submodule E of M is called essential in M (notation E ≤e M) if E∩A = 0 for any nonzero submodule A of M. Dually, a submodule S of M is called small in M (notation S M) if M = S+T for any proper submodul...

Semi Hopfian and Semi Co-Hopfian Modules over Generalized Power Series Rings

Let (S,≤) be a strictly totally ordered monoid, R be a commutative ring and M be an R-module. We show the following results: (1) If (S,≤) satisfies the condition that 0 ≤ s for all s ∈ S, then the module [[MS,≤]] of generalized power series is a semi Hopfian [[RS,≤]]-module if and only if M is a semi Hopfian R-module; (2) If (S,≤) is artinian, then the generalized inverse polynomial module [MS,...